The viability of low-mass subhaloes as targets for gamma-ray dark matter searches

In this work, we investigate the discovery potential of low-mass Galactic dark matter (DM) subhaloes for indirect searches of DM. We use data from the Via Lactea II (VL-II) N-body cosmological simulation, which resolves subhaloes down to $\mathcal{O}(10^4)$ solar masses and it is thus ideal for this purpose. First, we characterize the abundance, distribution and structural properties of the VL-II subhalo population in terms of both subhalo masses and maximum circular velocities. Then, we repopulate the original simulation with millions of subhaloes of masses down to about five orders of magnitude below the minimum VL-II subhalo mass (more than one order of magnitude in velocities). We compute subhalo DM annihilation astrophysical "J-factors" and angular sizes for the entire subhalo population, by placing the Earth at a random position but at the right galactocentric distance in the simulation. Thousands of these realizations are generated in order to obtain statistically meaningful results. We find that some nearby low-mass Galactic subhaloes, not massive enough to retain stars or gas, may indeed yield DM annihilation fluxes comparable to those expected from other, more massive and acknowledgeable DM targets like dwarf satellite galaxies. Typical angular sizes are of the order of the degree, thus subhaloes potentially appearing as extended sources in gamma-ray telescopes, depending on instrument angular resolution and sensitivity. Our work shows that low-mass Galactic subhaloes with no visible counterparts are expected to play a relevant role in current and future indirect DM search searches and should indeed be considered as excellent DM targets.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome

A novel framework for integrating real-time optimization and optimal scheduling : Application to heat and power systems

The optimization of heat and power systems operation is a complex task that involves continuous and discrete variables, operating and environmental constraints, uncertain prices and demands and transition constraints for startups or shutdowns. This work proposes a novel methodology for integrating scheduling optimization and real-time optimization (RTO) in order to face and solve such optimization problem. In a first stage, an offline optimization finds a scheduling for the whole horizon under study, which sets the startups and shutdowns of pieces of equipment with long transition times. A second stage solves a multiperiod RTO, which corrects the forecasts and adapts the model before optimiz-ing the process. Although the proposed methodology is illustrated through a case study consisting in a heat and power system, it can be generalized to other systems and processes. The obtained results show significant improvements in comparison with applying the results of a single offline scheduling optimization.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

A novel framework for integrating real-time optimization and optimal scheduling : Application to heat and power systems

The optimization of heat and power systems operation is a complex task that involves continuous and discrete variables, operating and environmental constraints, uncertain prices and demands and transition constraints for startups or shutdowns. This work proposes a novel methodology for integrating scheduling optimization and real-time optimization (RTO) in order to face and solve such optimization problem. In a first stage, an offline optimization finds a scheduling for the whole horizon under study, which sets the startups and shutdowns of pieces of equipment with long transition times. A second stage solves a multiperiod RTO, which corrects the forecasts and adapts the model before optimiz-ing the process. Although the proposed methodology is illustrated through a case study consisting in a heat and power system, it can be generalized to other systems and processes. The obtained results show significant improvements in comparison with applying the results of a single offline scheduling optimization.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

La participación ciudadana en el Sistema Estatal Anticorrupción del Estado de Michoacán, entre la gobernabilidad y la gobernanza

Con este trabajo se buscó reconocer cuál es el modelo de relación entre la sociedad y el gobierno en el ámbito de la lucha contra la corrupción en la estructura que se ha diseñado para tal fin, el Comité de Participación Ciudadana del Sistema Estatal Anticorrupción del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo. La gobernabilidad y la gobernanza no se consideran excluyentes, sin embargo, si presentan una distinción que determina el grado y tipo de la participación ciudadana en las diferentes etapas de la solución de un problema público como es la corrupción. Esta distinción básicamente consiste en la posición que asume el CPC del SEAEM respecto al gobierno como solucionador, o administrador del problema. En este sentido un primer análisis que se llevó al cabo fue a través de un cuestionario aplicado al titular del CPC que arrojó escasa información respecto a los mecanismos de participación ciudadana que implementa u opera. Por lo que se revisaron las actas de las sesiones ordinarias y extraordinarias del 2018, año de su fundación, a julio de 2021. En estos documentos se consignan de manera sintetizada el orden cronológico de lo que sucede en las sesiones, los puntos que se tratan y se registran los acuerdos y las formas de hacerlos realidad. Los resultados del análisis muestran un desarrollo precario de los mecanismos de participación de la ciudadana, una desvinculación con el Comité Coordinador del SEAEM que, si bien ubica al CPC lejano del modelo de la gobernabilidad, tampoco se encuentra cercano al modelo de la gobernanza, debido principalmente a que no se ha constituido como un facilitador y puente entre la sociedad y el gobierno bajo un esquema colaborativo. Si bien, los primeros años de cualquier organización pueden representan una curva de aprendizaje de mucho tiempo, en el caso que nos ocupa, el CPC se ha ocupado de la organización y regulación de su funcionamiento interno al mismo tiempo de cumplir o ejercer una serie de atribuciones de otra índole, principalmente técnicas, como la propuesta de insumos para la CE, la SE y el CC. Sin embargo, al ser un sistema local que ha sido replicado en todos los estados del país, tendría la oportunidad de aprovechar las experiencias exitosas y acortar tiempos. Estas múltiples atribuciones conferidas en la Ley del Sistema Estatal Anticorrupción del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo y sus relaciones con los organismos diseñados para el funcionamiento del SEAEM, no permiten que se enfoque en su principal misión, la participación de la ciudadanía en la toma de decisiones en el diseño, implementación y evaluación de las políticas públicas anticorrupción, es decir, la gobernanza. Con base en los resultados y conclusiones del análisis es posible afirmar que la situación actual de los mecanismos de participación ciudadana en el CPC, de acuerdo con los criterios propuestos por Font (2004; 40), no son aconsejables, son deficitarios

Exergetic Drag Characteristic Curves

This paper aims to perform a drag breakdown of an airfoil and a wing by using the exergetic method. Moreover, a new far-field wave anergy extraction method is presented. The resulting exergetic drag curves are proposed as additional characteristic curves for external aerodynamic assessment of airfoils or any other bodies. CFD analyses of a NACA 0012 airfoil and a rectangular wing at subsonic and transonic conditions were used as test cases to present the concept. This new approach allows to deeply understand the aerodynamic behavior of a body and provides an alternative point of view to the classical near-field and far-field based drag curves

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of Cd, Hg and Pb from medicines prior to ICP OES determination according to the United States Pharmacopeia

A simple, sensitive and matrix-effect free analytical method for simultaneous determination of Cd, Hg and Pb in drug samples (i.e., commercial dosage tablets) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) has been developed. According to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Chapter 232, those metals are considered elemental impurities from class 1 and they must be assessed in pharmaceutical production as well as in quality control evaluation. In order to increase the sensitivity of the analysis, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) was performed and seven factors affecting analyte extraction were optimized by multivariate analysis. A microvolume of analyte enriched phase was directly introduced into the plasma using a multi-nebulizer, providing a high enrichment factor. When compared to conventional ICP OES analysis, DLLME improves the limit of quantitation (LOQ) values on average 40-fold for all analytes. Consequently, LOQ values were significantly lower than their permissible daily exposure limits for oral drugs. Accuracy was evaluated by addition and recovery experiments following USP recommendations in eight commercial drug samples. Recovery and RSD values were within the range of 90–108% and 1–9%, respectively.The authors are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, process no. 141634/2017-0, 202722/2019-8, 305201/2018-2 and 428558/2018-6), the Regional Government of Valencia (Spain) (PROMETEO/2018/087) for the financial support, Agilent Technologies Inc. for the loan of the ICP OES spectrometer, and Ingeniatrics for the MultiNeb® provided. This study was financed in part by the Coordenaçao de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The authors extend their appreciation to Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for granting the Spanish Network of Excellence in Sample Preparation (RED2018-102522-T). This article is based upon work from the Sample Preparation Study Group and Network, supported by the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Chemical Society

Vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of molybdenum in plants by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

A new procedure for determining trace concentrations of Mo in plants combining dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry is proposed here. An automated discrete sample introduction system using a Flow Blurring® multiple nebulizer (FBMN) and a solenoid valve were used to insert an organic rich phase into the plasma. The experimental conditions for the microextraction procedure were: 0.5% m v−1 of 8-hydroxyquinoline, pH 3.6 and 50 μL of 1-undecanol as the extractant. A limit of detection of the instrument of 0.20 μg L−1, a limit of detection of the procedure of 17 μg kg−1 and an enhancement factor of 246 were obtained employing the developed procedure. Three certified reference materials were used to check the accuracy and no significant differences were found at the 95% confidence level between certified and determined values. The developed procedure was also successfully applied to the determination of Mo in three different varieties of sugar cane leaves samples.The authors express their gratitude to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior CAPES (Grant CAPES-DGU 243/11) for the research fellowship provided to J.A.V.A.B. J.A.N. is thankful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) for financial support. The authors are grateful to the Government of Spain (CTQ2011-23968 and PHB2010-0018-PC) and the Regional Government of Valencia (Spain) (ACOMP/2013/072) for the financial support, Agilent Technologies Inc. for the loan of the ICP-OES spectrometer and OneNeb® (Division of Ingeniatrics Tecnologías S.L.) for the FBMN prototype provided

Impacto social de las radiaciones no ionizantes y las políticas públicas

El objetivo del presente trabajo es fundamentar los beneficios de la contribución del asesoramiento profesional en la generación y transferencia del conocimiento, para la toma de decisiones en las políticas públicas que permita apropiarse de los avances y aplicaciones resultantes del trabajo científico desarrollado.Las Radiaciones No Ionizantes (RNI) son aquellas que no poseen la energía suficiente para ionizar la materia, pero que producen otro tipo de efectos, especialmente de tipo térmico. Sus efectos a largo plazo sobre la salud de los seres humanos aún es materia de discusión y es por esto que se genera en la ciudadanía una honda preocupación por el desconocimiento y falta de normativas a nivel municipal. El Grupo ITMA reúne un grupo interdisciplinario de profesionales con el objetivo de investigar el impacto de las RNI sobre el medio ambiente y los sistemas biológicos. Una de sus actividades es el asesoramiento a municipios y organismos públicos respecto de las RNI, en particular, el despliegue de antenas de telefonía móvil para generar ordenanzas municipales que contribuyan a la tranquilidad y mejora de la calidad de vida de la comunidad y contemplen los controles necesarios para preservar estas condiciones en el tiempo